What are the problems of managing data resources in a traditional file environment and how are they solved by a database management system?

What are the problems of managing data resources in a traditional file environment and how are they solved by a database management system?

List and describe each of the components in the data hierarchy.   Define and explain the significance of entities, attributes, and key fields.   List and describe the problems of the traditional file environment.   Define a database and a database management system and describe how it solves the problems of a traditional file environment